Abstract：Laser techniques to produce ultrashort pulses have been rapidly progressed as well. For the generation of sub-10-fs pulses new pulse compression techniques using gaseous media were developed and applied to the generation intense laser pulses containing only few optical cycles. In the case of few-cycle lasers the electric field profile of the laser pulse is then a more relevant physical entity in light-matter interactions than the intensity profile normally considered for the analysis of experimental and theoretical investigations. The electric field of few-cycle laser pulses that changes sensitively to the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the laser pulse should be measured and controlled. The CEP stabilization is thus one of critical techniques in investigating few-cycle laser-matter interactions, such as high-harmonic generation (HHG), above-threshold ionization, and ultrafast atomic and molecular dynamics. In this lecture the recent progress of advanced femtosecond laser technology applied to high-power few-cycle lasers is presented.

报告摘要：近年来产生超短脉冲的激光技术得到了长足的进步。为了产生亚10飞秒的脉冲，利用气体介质来实现脉冲压缩技术得到了很大的发展，并被应用于产生周期量级的强激光脉冲。在周期量级的激光场中，电场包罗成了在激光与物质相互作用研究中的比激光强度更重要的物理量。周期量级的电场对载波相位很灵敏，因此，必须得到测量和控制。在研究物质与激光场的相互作用中，比如高次谐波，阈上电离以及超快原子与分子动力学等等，载波相位的稳定是一项很关键的技术。在这演讲中，我们将描叙先进的飞秒激光技术应用在高功率的周期量级的激光器的最新进展。